The Table service offers structured storage in the form of tables.
Table Storage is offered by Windows Azure as a REST API which is wrapped
by the Zend_Service_WindowsAzure_Storage_Table
class in order to
provide a native PHP interface to the storage account.
This topic lists some examples of using the
Zend_Service_WindowsAzure_Storage_Table
class. Other features are
available in the download package, as well as a detailed API
documentation of those features.
Note that development table storage (in the Windows Azure SDK) does not support all features provided by the API. Therefore, the examples listed on this page are to be used on Windows Azure production table storage.
This topic lists some samples of operations that can be executed on tables.
Using the following code, a table can be created on Windows Azure production table storage.
例860 Creating a table
$storageClient = new Zend_Service_WindowsAzure_Storage_Table( 'table.core.windows.net', 'myaccount', 'myauthkey' ); $result = $storageClient->createTable('testtable'); echo 'New table name is: ' . $result->Name;
Using the following code, a list of all tables in Windows Azure production table storage can be queried.
例861 Listing all tables
$storageClient = new Zend_Service_WindowsAzure_Storage_Table( 'table.core.windows.net', 'myaccount', 'myauthkey' ); $result = $storageClient->listTables(); foreach ($result as $table) { echo 'Table name is: ' . $table->Name . "\r\n"; }
Tables store data as collections of entities. Entities are similar to rows. An entity has a primary key and a set of properties. A property is a named, typed-value pair, similar to a column.
The Table service does not enforce any schema for tables, so two entities in the same table may have different sets of properties. Developers may choose to enforce a schema on the client side. A table may contain any number of entities.
Zend_Service_WindowsAzure_Storage_Table
provides 2 ways of
working with entities:
-
Enforced schema
-
No enforced schema
All examples will make use of the following enforced schema class.
例862 Enforced schema used in samples
class SampleEntity extends Zend_Service_WindowsAzure_Storage_TableEntity { /** * @azure Name */ public $Name; /** * @azure Age Edm.Int64 */ public $Age; /** * @azure Visible Edm.Boolean */ public $Visible = false; }
Note that if no schema class is passed into table storage methods,
Zend_Service_WindowsAzure_Storage_Table
automatically works with
Zend_Service_WindowsAzure_Storage_DynamicTableEntity
.
To enforce a schema on the client side using the
Zend_Service_WindowsAzure_Storage_Table
class, you can create
a class which inherits
Zend_Service_WindowsAzure_Storage_TableEntity
. This class
provides some basic functionality for the
Zend_Service_WindowsAzure_Storage_Table
class to work with a
client-side schema.
Base properties provided by
Zend_Service_WindowsAzure_Storage_TableEntity
are:
-
PartitionKey (exposed through
getPartitionKey()
andsetPartitionKey()
) -
RowKey (exposed through
getRowKey()
andsetRowKey()
) -
Timestamp (exposed through
getTimestamp()
andsetTimestamp()
) -
Etag value (exposed through
getEtag()
andsetEtag()
)
Here's a sample class inheriting
Zend_Service_WindowsAzure_Storage_TableEntity
:
例863 Sample enforced schema class
class SampleEntity extends Zend_Service_WindowsAzure_Storage_TableEntity { /** * @azure Name */ public $Name; /** * @azure Age Edm.Int64 */ public $Age; /** * @azure Visible Edm.Boolean */ public $Visible = false; }
The Zend_Service_WindowsAzure_Storage_Table
class will map
any class inherited from
Zend_Service_WindowsAzure_Storage_TableEntity
to Windows
Azure table storage entities with the correct data type and property name. All there
is to storing a property in Windows Azure is adding a docblock comment to a public
property or public getter/setter, in the following format:
例864 Enforced property
/** * @azure <property name in Windows Azure> <optional property type> */ public $<property name in PHP>;
Let's see how to define a propety "Age" as an integer on Windows Azure table storage:
Note that a property does not necessarily have to be named the same on Windows Azure table storage. The Windows Azure table storage property name can be defined as well as the type.
The following data types are supported:
-
Edm.Binary
- An array of bytes up to 64 KB in size. -
Edm.Boolean
- A boolean value. -
Edm.DateTime
- A 64-bit value expressed as Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). The supported DateTime range begins from 12:00 midnight, January 1, 1601 A.D. (C.E.), Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). The range ends at December 31st, 9999. -
Edm.Double
- A 64-bit floating point value. -
Edm.Guid
- A 128-bit globally unique identifier. -
Edm.Int32
- A 32-bit integer. -
Edm.Int64
- A 64-bit integer. -
Edm.String
- A UTF-16-encoded value. String values may be up to 64 KB in size.
To use the Zend_Service_WindowsAzure_Storage_Table
class
without defining a schema, you can make use of the
Zend_Service_WindowsAzure_Storage_DynamicTableEntity
class.
This class inherits
Zend_Service_WindowsAzure_Storage_TableEntity
like an
enforced schema class does, but contains additional logic to make it dynamic and not
bound to a schema.
Base properties provided by
Zend_Service_WindowsAzure_Storage_DynamicTableEntity
are:
-
PartitionKey (exposed through
getPartitionKey()
andsetPartitionKey()
) -
RowKey (exposed through
getRowKey()
andsetRowKey()
) -
Timestamp (exposed through
getTimestamp()
andsetTimestamp()
) -
Etag value (exposed through
getEtag()
andsetEtag()
)
Other properties can be added on the fly. Their Windows Azure table storage type will be determined on-the-fly:
例866 Dynamicaly adding properties to Zend_Service_WindowsAzure_Storage_DynamicTableEntity
$target = new Zend_Service_WindowsAzure_Storage_DynamicTableEntity( 'partition1', '000001' ); $target->Name = 'Name'; // Will add property "Name" of type "Edm.String" $target->Age = 25; // Will add property "Age" of type "Edm.Int32"
Optionally, a property type can be enforced:
例867 Forcing property types on Zend_Service_WindowsAzure_Storage_DynamicTableEntity
$target = new Zend_Service_WindowsAzure_Storage_DynamicTableEntity( 'partition1', '000001' ); $target->Name = 'Name'; // Will add property "Name" of type "Edm.String" $target->Age = 25; // Will add property "Age" of type "Edm.Int32" // Change type of property "Age" to "Edm.Int32": $target->setAzurePropertyType('Age', 'Edm.Int64');
The Zend_Service_WindowsAzure_Storage_Table
class
automatically works with
Zend_Service_WindowsAzure_Storage_TableEntity
if no specific
class is passed into Table Storage methods.
Using the following code, an entity can be inserted into a table named "testtable". Note that the table has already been created before.
例868 Inserting an entity
$entity = new SampleEntity ('partition1', 'row1'); $entity->FullName = "Maarten"; $entity->Age = 25; $entity->Visible = true; $storageClient = new Zend_Service_WindowsAzure_Storage_Table( 'table.core.windows.net', 'myaccount', 'myauthkey' ); $result = $storageClient->insertEntity('testtable', $entity); // Check the timestamp and etag of the newly inserted entity echo 'Timestamp: ' . $result->getTimestamp() . "\n"; echo 'Etag: ' . $result->getEtag() . "\n";
Using the following code, an entity can be retrieved by partition key and row key. Note that the table and entity have already been created before.
例869 Retrieving an entity by partition key and row key
$storageClient = new Zend_Service_WindowsAzure_Storage_Table( 'table.core.windows.net', 'myaccount', 'myauthkey' ); $entity= $storageClient->retrieveEntityById( 'testtable', 'partition1', 'row1', 'SampleEntity' );
Using the following code, an entity can be updated. Note that the table and entity have already been created before.
例870 Updating an entity
$storageClient = new Zend_Service_WindowsAzure_Storage_Table( 'table.core.windows.net', 'myaccount', 'myauthkey' ); $entity = $storageClient->retrieveEntityById( 'testtable', 'partition1', 'row1', 'SampleEntity' ); $entity->Name = 'New name'; $result = $storageClient->updateEntity('testtable', $entity);
If you want to make sure the entity has not been updated before, you can make sure the Etag of the entity is checked. If the entity already has had an update, the update will fail to make sure you do not overwrite any newer data.
例871 Updating an entity (with Etag check)
$storageClient = new Zend_Service_WindowsAzure_Storage_Table( 'table.core.windows.net', 'myaccount', 'myauthkey' ); $entity = $storageClient->retrieveEntityById( 'testtable', 'partition1', 'row1', 'SampleEntity' ); $entity->Name = 'New name'; // last parameter instructs the Etag check: $result = $storageClient->updateEntity('testtable', $entity, true);
Using the following code, an entity can be deleted. Note that the table and entity have already been created before.
例872 Deleting an entity
$storageClient = new Zend_Service_WindowsAzure_Storage_Table( 'table.core.windows.net', 'myaccount', 'myauthkey' ); $entity = $storageClient->retrieveEntityById( 'testtable', 'partition1', 'row1', 'SampleEntity' ); $result = $storageClient->deleteEntity('testtable', $entity);
Queries in Zend_Service_WindowsAzure_Storage_Table
table
storage can be performed in two ways:
-
By manually creating a filter condition (involving learning a new query language)
-
By using the fluent interface provided by the
Zend_Service_WindowsAzure_Storage_Table
Using the following code, a table can be queried using a filter condition. Note that the table and entities have already been created before.
例873 Performing queries using a filter condition
$storageClient = new Zend_Service_WindowsAzure_Storage_Table( 'table.core.windows.net', 'myaccount', 'myauthkey' ); $entities = $storageClient->storageClient->retrieveEntities( 'testtable', 'Name eq \'Maarten\' and PartitionKey eq \'partition1\'', 'SampleEntity' ); foreach ($entities as $entity) { echo 'Name: ' . $entity->Name . "\n"; }
Using the following code, a table can be queried using a fluent interface. Note that the table and entities have already been created before.
例874 Performing queries using a fluent interface
$storageClient = new Zend_Service_WindowsAzure_Storage_Table( 'table.core.windows.net', 'myaccount', 'myauthkey' ); $entities = $storageClient->storageClient->retrieveEntities( 'testtable', $storageClient->select() ->from($tableName) ->where('Name eq ?', 'Maarten') ->andWhere('PartitionKey eq ?', 'partition1'), 'SampleEntity' ); foreach ($entities as $entity) { echo 'Name: ' . $entity->Name . "\n"; }
This topic demonstrates how to use the table entity group transaction features provided by Windows Azure table storage. Windows Azure table storage supports batch transactions on entities that are in the same table and belong to the same partition group. A transaction can include at most 100 entities.
The following example uses a batch operation (transaction) to insert a set of entities into the "testtable" table. Note that the table has already been created before.
例875 Executing a batch operation
$storageClient = new Zend_Service_WindowsAzure_Storage_Table( 'table.core.windows.net', 'myaccount', 'myauthkey' ); // Start batch $batch = $storageClient->startBatch(); // Insert entities in batch $entities = generateEntities(); foreach ($entities as $entity) { $storageClient->insertEntity($tableName, $entity); } // Commit $batch->commit();
When running a PHP application on the Windows Azure platform in a
load-balanced mode (running 2 Web Role instances or more), it is important that
PHP session data can be shared between multiple Web Role instances.
The Windows Azure SDK for PHP provides the
Zend_Service_WindowsAzure_SessionHandler
class, which uses
Windows Azure Table Storage as a session handler for PHP
applications.
To use the Zend_Service_WindowsAzure_SessionHandler
session
handler, it should be registered as the default session handler for your
PHP application:
例876 Registering table storage session handler
$storageClient = new Zend_Service_WindowsAzure_Storage_Table( 'table.core.windows.net', 'myaccount', 'myauthkey' ); $sessionHandler = new Zend_Service_WindowsAzure_SessionHandler( $storageClient , 'sessionstable' ); $sessionHandler->register();
The above classname registers the
Zend_Service_WindowsAzure_SessionHandler
session handler and will
store sessions in a table called "sessionstable".
After registration of the
Zend_Service_WindowsAzure_SessionHandler
session handler,
sessions can be started and used in the same way as a normal PHP
session:
例877 Using table storage session handler
$storageClient = new Zend_Service_WindowsAzure_Storage_Table( 'table.core.windows.net', 'myaccount', 'myauthkey' ); $sessionHandler = new Zend_Service_WindowsAzure_SessionHandler( $storageClient , 'sessionstable' ); $sessionHandler->register(); session_start(); if (!isset($_SESSION['firstVisit'])) { $_SESSION['firstVisit'] = time(); } // ...
警告
The Zend_Service_WindowsAzure_SessionHandler
session handler
should be registered before a call to session_start()
is made!